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*) Black body radiation
Planck’s law for the energy distribution for the radiation of a black body is:

Stefan-Boltzmann’s law for the total power density can be derived from this: . Wien’s law for the maximum can also be derived from this:
*)The Compton effect
For the wavelength of scattered light, if light is considered to exist of particles, can be derived:
 *)Electron diffraction
Diffraction of electrons at a crystal can be explained by assuming that particles have a wave character with wavelength . This wavelength is called the Broglie-wavelength.